Documentation: remove duplicated words
Remove many duplicated words under Documentation/ and do other small cleanups. Examples: "and and" --> "and" "in in" --> "in" "the the" --> "the" "the the" --> "to the" ... Signed-off-by: Paolo Ornati <ornati@fastwebnet.it> Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
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Documentation
DMA-mapping.txt
DocBook
RCU
block
driver-model
exception.txtfb
filesystems
fujitsu/frv
ia64
input
isdn
kdump
keys.txtm68k
memory-barriers.txtnetworking
pci-error-recovery.txtpower
prio_tree.txtrpc-cache.txts390
scsi
sound
spi
unshare.txtusb
video4linux
vm
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@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ The query is performed via a call to pci_set_dma_mask():
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int pci_set_dma_mask(struct pci_dev *pdev, u64 device_mask);
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int pci_set_dma_mask(struct pci_dev *pdev, u64 device_mask);
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The query for consistent allocations is performed via a a call to
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The query for consistent allocations is performed via a call to
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pci_set_consistent_dma_mask():
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pci_set_consistent_dma_mask():
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int pci_set_consistent_dma_mask(struct pci_dev *pdev, u64 device_mask);
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int pci_set_consistent_dma_mask(struct pci_dev *pdev, u64 device_mask);
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@ -1400,7 +1400,7 @@ and other resources, etc.
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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<para>
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When it's known that HBA is in ready state but ATA/ATAPI
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When it's known that HBA is in ready state but ATA/ATAPI
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device in in unknown state, reset only device.
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device is in unknown state, reset only device.
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</para>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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@ -740,7 +740,7 @@ usbdev_ioctl (int fd, int ifno, unsigned request, void *param)
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<title>Synchronous I/O Support</title>
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<title>Synchronous I/O Support</title>
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<para>Synchronous requests involve the kernel blocking
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<para>Synchronous requests involve the kernel blocking
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until until the user mode request completes, either by
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until the user mode request completes, either by
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finishing successfully or by reporting an error.
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finishing successfully or by reporting an error.
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In most cases this is the simplest way to use usbfs,
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In most cases this is the simplest way to use usbfs,
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although as noted above it does prevent performing I/O
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although as noted above it does prevent performing I/O
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@ -750,7 +750,7 @@ Or, for those who prefer a side-by-side listing:
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Either way, the differences are quite small. Read-side locking moves
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Either way, the differences are quite small. Read-side locking moves
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to rcu_read_lock() and rcu_read_unlock, update-side locking moves from
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to rcu_read_lock() and rcu_read_unlock, update-side locking moves from
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from a reader-writer lock to a simple spinlock, and a synchronize_rcu()
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a reader-writer lock to a simple spinlock, and a synchronize_rcu()
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precedes the kfree().
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precedes the kfree().
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However, there is one potential catch: the read-side and update-side
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However, there is one potential catch: the read-side and update-side
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@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ Some new queue property settings:
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Sets two variables that limit the size of the request.
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Sets two variables that limit the size of the request.
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- The request queue's max_sectors, which is a soft size in
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- The request queue's max_sectors, which is a soft size in
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in units of 512 byte sectors, and could be dynamically varied
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units of 512 byte sectors, and could be dynamically varied
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by the core kernel.
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by the core kernel.
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- The request queue's max_hw_sectors, which is a hard limit
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- The request queue's max_hw_sectors, which is a hard limit
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@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ the two.
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The PCI bus layer freely accesses the fields of struct device. It knows about
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The PCI bus layer freely accesses the fields of struct device. It knows about
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the structure of struct pci_dev, and it should know the structure of struct
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the structure of struct pci_dev, and it should know the structure of struct
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device. Individual PCI device drivers that have been converted the the current
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device. Individual PCI device drivers that have been converted to the current
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driver model generally do not and should not touch the fields of struct device,
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driver model generally do not and should not touch the fields of struct device,
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unless there is a strong compelling reason to do so.
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unless there is a strong compelling reason to do so.
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@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ int verify_area(int type, const void * addr, unsigned long size)
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function (which has since been replaced by access_ok()).
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function (which has since been replaced by access_ok()).
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This function verified that the memory area starting at address
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This function verified that the memory area starting at address
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addr and of size size was accessible for the operation specified
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'addr' and of size 'size' was accessible for the operation specified
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in type (read or write). To do this, verify_read had to look up the
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in type (read or write). To do this, verify_read had to look up the
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virtual memory area (vma) that contained the address addr. In the
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virtual memory area (vma) that contained the address addr. In the
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normal case (correctly working program), this test was successful.
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normal case (correctly working program), this test was successful.
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@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ from the console layer before unloading the driver. The VGA driver cannot be
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unloaded if it is still bound to the console layer. (See
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unloaded if it is still bound to the console layer. (See
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Documentation/console/console.txt for more information).
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Documentation/console/console.txt for more information).
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This is more complicated in the case of the the framebuffer console (fbcon),
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This is more complicated in the case of the framebuffer console (fbcon),
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because fbcon is an intermediate layer between the console and the drivers:
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because fbcon is an intermediate layer between the console and the drivers:
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console ---> fbcon ---> fbdev drivers ---> hardware
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console ---> fbcon ---> fbdev drivers ---> hardware
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@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ own descendent. Moreover, there is exactly one cross-directory rename
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Consider the object blocking the cross-directory rename. One
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Consider the object blocking the cross-directory rename. One
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of its descendents is locked by cross-directory rename (otherwise we
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of its descendents is locked by cross-directory rename (otherwise we
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would again have an infinite set of of contended objects). But that
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would again have an infinite set of contended objects). But that
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means that cross-directory rename is taking locks out of order. Due
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means that cross-directory rename is taking locks out of order. Due
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to (2) the order hadn't changed since we had acquired filesystem lock.
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to (2) the order hadn't changed since we had acquired filesystem lock.
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But locking rules for cross-directory rename guarantee that we do not
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But locking rules for cross-directory rename guarantee that we do not
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@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ the fdtable structure -
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2. Reading of the fdtable as described above must be protected
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2. Reading of the fdtable as described above must be protected
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by rcu_read_lock()/rcu_read_unlock().
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by rcu_read_lock()/rcu_read_unlock().
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3. For any update to the the fd table, files->file_lock must
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3. For any update to the fd table, files->file_lock must
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be held.
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be held.
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4. To look up the file structure given an fd, a reader
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4. To look up the file structure given an fd, a reader
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@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ FILES
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/wbox
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/wbox
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The CPU to SPU communation mailbox. It is write-only can can be written
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The CPU to SPU communation mailbox. It is write-only and can be written
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in units of 32 bits. If the mailbox is full, write() will block and
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in units of 32 bits. If the mailbox is full, write() will block and
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poll can be used to wait for it becoming empty again. The possible
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poll can be used to wait for it becoming empty again. The possible
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operations on an open wbox file are: write(2) If a count smaller than
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operations on an open wbox file are: write(2) If a count smaller than
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@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ size: The limit of allocated bytes for this tmpfs instance. The
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nr_blocks: The same as size, but in blocks of PAGE_CACHE_SIZE.
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nr_blocks: The same as size, but in blocks of PAGE_CACHE_SIZE.
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nr_inodes: The maximum number of inodes for this instance. The default
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nr_inodes: The maximum number of inodes for this instance. The default
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is half of the number of your physical RAM pages, or (on a
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is half of the number of your physical RAM pages, or (on a
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a machine with highmem) the number of lowmem RAM pages,
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machine with highmem) the number of lowmem RAM pages,
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whichever is the lower.
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whichever is the lower.
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These parameters accept a suffix k, m or g for kilo, mega and giga and
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These parameters accept a suffix k, m or g for kilo, mega and giga and
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@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ iocharset=name -- Character set to use for converting between the
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you should consider the following option instead.
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you should consider the following option instead.
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utf8=<bool> -- UTF-8 is the filesystem safe version of Unicode that
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utf8=<bool> -- UTF-8 is the filesystem safe version of Unicode that
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is used by the console. It can be be enabled for the
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is used by the console. It can be enabled for the
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filesystem with this option. If 'uni_xlate' gets set,
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filesystem with this option. If 'uni_xlate' gets set,
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UTF-8 gets disabled.
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UTF-8 gets disabled.
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@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ otherwise noted.
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put_link: called by the VFS to release resources allocated by
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put_link: called by the VFS to release resources allocated by
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follow_link(). The cookie returned by follow_link() is passed
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follow_link(). The cookie returned by follow_link() is passed
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to to this method as the last parameter. It is used by
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to this method as the last parameter. It is used by
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filesystems such as NFS where page cache is not stable
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filesystems such as NFS where page cache is not stable
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(i.e. page that was installed when the symbolic link walk
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(i.e. page that was installed when the symbolic link walk
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started might not be in the page cache at the end of the
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started might not be in the page cache at the end of the
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@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ related kernel services:
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(*) __debug_mmu.iamr[]
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(*) __debug_mmu.iamr[]
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(*) __debug_mmu.damr[]
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(*) __debug_mmu.damr[]
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These receive the current IAMR and DAMR contents. These can be viewed with with the _amr
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These receive the current IAMR and DAMR contents. These can be viewed with the _amr
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GDB macro:
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GDB macro:
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(gdb) _amr
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(gdb) _amr
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@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ to initialize the system view of the time during boot.
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Because we wanted to minimize the impact on existing user-level apps using
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Because we wanted to minimize the impact on existing user-level apps using
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the CMOS clock, we decided to expose an API that was very similar to the one
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the CMOS clock, we decided to expose an API that was very similar to the one
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used today with the legacy RTC driver (driver/char/rtc.c). However, because
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used today with the legacy RTC driver (driver/char/rtc.c). However, because
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EFI provides a simpler services, not all all ioctl() are available. Also
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EFI provides a simpler services, not all ioctl() are available. Also
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new ioctl()s have been introduced for things that EFI provides but not the
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new ioctl()s have been introduced for things that EFI provides but not the
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legacy.
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legacy.
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@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ by locks is indeterminate, including linked lists.
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---
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---
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The complicated ia64 MCA process. All of this is mandated by Intel's
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The complicated ia64 MCA process. All of this is mandated by Intel's
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specification for ia64 SAL, error recovery and and unwind, it is not as
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specification for ia64 SAL, error recovery and unwind, it is not as
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if we have a choice here.
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if we have a choice here.
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* MCA occurs on one cpu, usually due to a double bit memory error.
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* MCA occurs on one cpu, usually due to a double bit memory error.
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@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ if we have a choice here.
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INIT is less complicated than MCA. Pressing the nmi button or using
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INIT is less complicated than MCA. Pressing the nmi button or using
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the equivalent command on the management console sends INIT to all
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the equivalent command on the management console sends INIT to all
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cpus. SAL picks one one of the cpus as the monarch and the rest are
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cpus. SAL picks one of the cpus as the monarch and the rest are
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slaves. All the OS INIT handlers are entered at approximately the same
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slaves. All the OS INIT handlers are entered at approximately the same
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time. The OS monarch prints the state of all tasks and returns, after
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time. The OS monarch prints the state of all tasks and returns, after
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which the slaves return and the system resumes.
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which the slaves return and the system resumes.
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@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ generated in the kernel straight to the program, with timestamps. The
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API is still evolving, but should be useable now. It's described in
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API is still evolving, but should be useable now. It's described in
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section 5.
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section 5.
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This should be the way for GPM and X to get keyboard and mouse mouse
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This should be the way for GPM and X to get keyboard and mouse
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events. It allows for multihead in X without any specific multihead
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events. It allows for multihead in X without any specific multihead
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kernel support. The event codes are the same on all architectures and
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kernel support. The event codes are the same on all architectures and
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are hardware independent.
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are hardware independent.
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@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ Structure T30_s description:
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If the HL-driver receives ISDN_CMD_FAXCMD, all needed information
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If the HL-driver receives ISDN_CMD_FAXCMD, all needed information
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is in this struct set by the LL.
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is in this struct set by the LL.
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To signal information to the LL, the HL-driver has to set the
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To signal information to the LL, the HL-driver has to set the
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the parameters and use ISDN_STAT_FAXIND.
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parameters and use ISDN_STAT_FAXIND.
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(Please refer to INTERFACE)
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(Please refer to INTERFACE)
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Structure T30_s:
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Structure T30_s:
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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
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$Id: README.hysdn,v 1.3.6.1 2001/02/10 14:41:19 kai Exp $
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$Id: README.hysdn,v 1.3.6.1 2001/02/10 14:41:19 kai Exp $
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The hysdn driver has been written by
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The hysdn driver has been written by
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by Werner Cornelius (werner@isdn4linux.de or werner@titro.de)
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Werner Cornelius (werner@isdn4linux.de or werner@titro.de)
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for Hypercope GmbH Aachen Germany. Hypercope agreed to publish this driver
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for Hypercope GmbH Aachen Germany. Hypercope agreed to publish this driver
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under the GNU General Public License.
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under the GNU General Public License.
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@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ If die() is called, and it happens to be a thread with pid 0 or 1, or die()
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is called inside interrupt context or die() is called and panic_on_oops is set,
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is called inside interrupt context or die() is called and panic_on_oops is set,
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the system will boot into the dump-capture kernel.
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the system will boot into the dump-capture kernel.
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On powererpc systems when a soft-reset is generated, die() is called by all cpus and the system system will boot into the dump-capture kernel.
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On powererpc systems when a soft-reset is generated, die() is called by all cpus and the system will boot into the dump-capture kernel.
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For testing purposes, you can trigger a crash by using "ALT-SysRq-c",
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For testing purposes, you can trigger a crash by using "ALT-SysRq-c",
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"echo c > /proc/sysrq-trigger or write a module to force the panic.
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"echo c > /proc/sysrq-trigger or write a module to force the panic.
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@ -671,7 +671,7 @@ The keyctl syscall functions are:
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Note that this setting is inherited across fork/exec.
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Note that this setting is inherited across fork/exec.
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[1] The default default is: the thread keyring if there is one, otherwise
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[1] The default is: the thread keyring if there is one, otherwise
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the process keyring if there is one, otherwise the session keyring if
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the process keyring if there is one, otherwise the session keyring if
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there is one, otherwise the user default session keyring.
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there is one, otherwise the user default session keyring.
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@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ switch to another mode once Linux has started.
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The first 3 parameters of this sub-option should be obvious: <xres>,
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The first 3 parameters of this sub-option should be obvious: <xres>,
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<yres> and <depth> give the dimensions of the screen and the number of
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<yres> and <depth> give the dimensions of the screen and the number of
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planes (depth). The depth is is the logarithm to base 2 of the number
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planes (depth). The depth is the logarithm to base 2 of the number
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of colors possible. (Or, the other way round: The number of colors is
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of colors possible. (Or, the other way round: The number of colors is
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2^depth).
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2^depth).
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@ -670,7 +670,7 @@ effectively random order, despite the write barrier issued by CPU 1:
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In the above example, CPU 2 perceives that B is 7, despite the load of *C
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In the above example, CPU 2 perceives that B is 7, despite the load of *C
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(which would be B) coming after the the LOAD of C.
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(which would be B) coming after the LOAD of C.
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If, however, a data dependency barrier were to be placed between the load of C
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If, however, a data dependency barrier were to be placed between the load of C
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and the load of *C (ie: B) on CPU 2:
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and the load of *C (ie: B) on CPU 2:
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@ -1023,7 +1023,7 @@ Changing a Bond's Configuration
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files located in /sys/class/net/<bond name>/bonding
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files located in /sys/class/net/<bond name>/bonding
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The names of these files correspond directly with the command-
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The names of these files correspond directly with the command-
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line parameters described elsewhere in in this file, and, with the
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line parameters described elsewhere in this file, and, with the
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exception of arp_ip_target, they accept the same values. To see the
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exception of arp_ip_target, they accept the same values. To see the
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current setting, simply cat the appropriate file.
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current setting, simply cat the appropriate file.
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@ -684,7 +684,7 @@ ethernet@crystal.cirrus.com) and request that you be registered for automatic
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software-update notification.
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software-update notification.
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Cirrus Logic maintains a web page at http://www.cirrus.com with the
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Cirrus Logic maintains a web page at http://www.cirrus.com with the
|
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the latest drivers and technical publications.
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latest drivers and technical publications.
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6.4 Current maintainer
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6.4 Current maintainer
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@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ ethernet address of your ethernet card has to be set according to the DECnet
|
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address of the node in order for it to be autoconfigured (and then appear in
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address of the node in order for it to be autoconfigured (and then appear in
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/proc/net/decnet_dev). There is a utility available at the above
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/proc/net/decnet_dev). There is a utility available at the above
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FTP sites called dn2ethaddr which can compute the correct ethernet
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FTP sites called dn2ethaddr which can compute the correct ethernet
|
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address to use. The address can be set by ifconfig either before at
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address to use. The address can be set by ifconfig either before or
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at the time the device is brought up. If you are using RedHat you can
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at the time the device is brought up. If you are using RedHat you can
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add the line:
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add the line:
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@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ Additional Configurations
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As an example, if you install the e1000 driver for two PRO/1000 adapters
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As an example, if you install the e1000 driver for two PRO/1000 adapters
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||||||
(eth0 and eth1) and set the speed and duplex to 10full and 100half, add
|
(eth0 and eth1) and set the speed and duplex to 10full and 100half, add
|
||||||
the following to modules.conf or or modprobe.conf:
|
the following to modules.conf or modprobe.conf:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
alias eth0 e1000
|
alias eth0 e1000
|
||||||
alias eth1 e1000
|
alias eth1 e1000
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ However, you may want to set PCI latency timer to 248.
|
||||||
#setpci -d 17d5:* LATENCY_TIMER=f8
|
#setpci -d 17d5:* LATENCY_TIMER=f8
|
||||||
For detailed description of the PCI registers, please see Xframe User Guide.
|
For detailed description of the PCI registers, please see Xframe User Guide.
|
||||||
b. Use 2-buffer mode. This results in large performance boost on
|
b. Use 2-buffer mode. This results in large performance boost on
|
||||||
on certain platforms(eg. SGI Altix, IBM xSeries).
|
certain platforms(eg. SGI Altix, IBM xSeries).
|
||||||
c. Ensure Receive Checksum offload is enabled. Use "ethtool -K ethX" command to
|
c. Ensure Receive Checksum offload is enabled. Use "ethtool -K ethX" command to
|
||||||
set/verify this option.
|
set/verify this option.
|
||||||
d. Enable NAPI feature(in kernel configuration Device Drivers ---> Network
|
d. Enable NAPI feature(in kernel configuration Device Drivers ---> Network
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ Solution: In /proc/pci search for the following entry:
|
||||||
www.syskonnect.com
|
www.syskonnect.com
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Some COMPAQ machines have problems dealing with PCI under Linux.
|
Some COMPAQ machines have problems dealing with PCI under Linux.
|
||||||
Linux. This problem is described in the 'PCI howto' document
|
This problem is described in the 'PCI howto' document
|
||||||
(included in some distributions or available from the
|
(included in some distributions or available from the
|
||||||
web, e.g. at 'www.linux.org').
|
web, e.g. at 'www.linux.org').
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ is STEP 6 (Permanent Failure).
|
||||||
>>> a value of 0xff on read, and writes will be dropped. If the device
|
>>> a value of 0xff on read, and writes will be dropped. If the device
|
||||||
>>> driver attempts more than 10K I/O's to a frozen adapter, it will
|
>>> driver attempts more than 10K I/O's to a frozen adapter, it will
|
||||||
>>> assume that the device driver has gone into an infinite loop, and
|
>>> assume that the device driver has gone into an infinite loop, and
|
||||||
>>> it will panic the the kernel. There doesn't seem to be any other
|
>>> it will panic the kernel. There doesn't seem to be any other
|
||||||
>>> way of stopping a device driver that insists on spinning on I/O.
|
>>> way of stopping a device driver that insists on spinning on I/O.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
STEP 2: MMIO Enabled
|
STEP 2: MMIO Enabled
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ instead set the PF_NOFREEZE process flag when creating the thread (and
|
||||||
be very carefull).
|
be very carefull).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Q: What is the difference between between "platform", "shutdown" and
|
Q: What is the difference between "platform", "shutdown" and
|
||||||
"firmware" in /sys/power/disk?
|
"firmware" in /sys/power/disk?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A:
|
A:
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ path which is not desirable. Hence, we do not optimize the height of the
|
||||||
heap-and-size indexed overflow-sub-trees using prio_tree->index_bits.
|
heap-and-size indexed overflow-sub-trees using prio_tree->index_bits.
|
||||||
Instead the overflow sub-trees are indexed using full BITS_PER_LONG bits
|
Instead the overflow sub-trees are indexed using full BITS_PER_LONG bits
|
||||||
of size_index. This may lead to skewed sub-trees because most of the
|
of size_index. This may lead to skewed sub-trees because most of the
|
||||||
higher significant bits of the size_index are likely to be be 0 (zero). In
|
higher significant bits of the size_index are likely to be 0 (zero). In
|
||||||
the example above, all 3 overflow-sub-trees are skewed. This may marginally
|
the example above, all 3 overflow-sub-trees are skewed. This may marginally
|
||||||
affect the performance. However, processes rarely map many vmas with the
|
affect the performance. However, processes rarely map many vmas with the
|
||||||
same start_vm_pgoff but different end_vm_pgoffs. Therefore, we normally
|
same start_vm_pgoff but different end_vm_pgoffs. Therefore, we normally
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ Creating a Cache
|
||||||
structure
|
structure
|
||||||
void cache_put(struct kref *)
|
void cache_put(struct kref *)
|
||||||
This is called when the last reference to an item is
|
This is called when the last reference to an item is
|
||||||
is dropped. The pointer passed is to the 'ref' field
|
dropped. The pointer passed is to the 'ref' field
|
||||||
in the cache_head. cache_put should release any
|
in the cache_head. cache_put should release any
|
||||||
references create by 'cache_init' and, if CACHE_VALID
|
references create by 'cache_init' and, if CACHE_VALID
|
||||||
is set, any references created by cache_update.
|
is set, any references created by cache_update.
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -1085,8 +1085,7 @@ Notes
|
||||||
-----
|
-----
|
||||||
Addresses & values in the VM debugger are always hex never decimal
|
Addresses & values in the VM debugger are always hex never decimal
|
||||||
Address ranges are of the format <HexValue1>-<HexValue2> or <HexValue1>.<HexValue2>
|
Address ranges are of the format <HexValue1>-<HexValue2> or <HexValue1>.<HexValue2>
|
||||||
e.g. The address range 0x2000 to 0x3000 can be described described as
|
e.g. The address range 0x2000 to 0x3000 can be described as 2000-3000 or 2000.1000
|
||||||
2000-3000 or 2000.1000
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The VM Debugger is case insensitive.
|
The VM Debugger is case insensitive.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1413,7 +1412,7 @@ SMP Specific commands
|
||||||
To find out how many cpus you have
|
To find out how many cpus you have
|
||||||
Q CPUS displays all the CPU's available to your virtual machine
|
Q CPUS displays all the CPU's available to your virtual machine
|
||||||
To find the cpu that the current cpu VM debugger commands are being directed at do
|
To find the cpu that the current cpu VM debugger commands are being directed at do
|
||||||
Q CPU to change the current cpu cpu VM debugger commands are being directed at do
|
Q CPU to change the current cpu VM debugger commands are being directed at do
|
||||||
CPU <desired cpu no>
|
CPU <desired cpu no>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
On a SMP guest issue a command to all CPUs try prefixing the command with cpu all.
|
On a SMP guest issue a command to all CPUs try prefixing the command with cpu all.
|
||||||
|
@ -2184,7 +2183,7 @@ ps -aux | grep gdb
|
||||||
kill -SIGSEGV <gdb's pid>
|
kill -SIGSEGV <gdb's pid>
|
||||||
or alternatively use killall -SIGSEGV gdb if you have the killall command.
|
or alternatively use killall -SIGSEGV gdb if you have the killall command.
|
||||||
Now look at the core dump.
|
Now look at the core dump.
|
||||||
./gdb ./gdb core
|
./gdb core
|
||||||
Displays the following
|
Displays the following
|
||||||
GNU gdb 4.18
|
GNU gdb 4.18
|
||||||
Copyright 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
Copyright 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
||||||
|
@ -2477,7 +2476,7 @@ Lcrash is a perfectly normal program,however, it requires 2
|
||||||
additional files, Kerntypes which is built using a patch to the
|
additional files, Kerntypes which is built using a patch to the
|
||||||
linux kernel sources in the linux root directory & the System.map.
|
linux kernel sources in the linux root directory & the System.map.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Kerntypes is an an objectfile whose sole purpose in life
|
Kerntypes is an objectfile whose sole purpose in life
|
||||||
is to provide stabs debug info to lcrash, to do this
|
is to provide stabs debug info to lcrash, to do this
|
||||||
Kerntypes is built from kerntypes.c which just includes the most commonly
|
Kerntypes is built from kerntypes.c which just includes the most commonly
|
||||||
referenced header files used when debugging, lcrash can then read the
|
referenced header files used when debugging, lcrash can then read the
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ Predefined views for hex/ascii, sprintf and raw binary data are provided.
|
||||||
It is also possible to define other views. The content of
|
It is also possible to define other views. The content of
|
||||||
a view can be inspected simply by reading the corresponding debugfs file.
|
a view can be inspected simply by reading the corresponding debugfs file.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
All debug logs have an an actual debug level (range from 0 to 6).
|
All debug logs have an actual debug level (range from 0 to 6).
|
||||||
The default level is 3. Event and Exception functions have a 'level'
|
The default level is 3. Event and Exception functions have a 'level'
|
||||||
parameter. Only debug entries with a level that is lower or equal
|
parameter. Only debug entries with a level that is lower or equal
|
||||||
than the actual level are written to the log. This means, when
|
than the actual level are written to the log. This means, when
|
||||||
|
@ -556,7 +556,7 @@ The input_proc can be used to implement functionality when it is written to
|
||||||
the view (e.g. like with 'echo "0" > /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/dasd/level).
|
the view (e.g. like with 'echo "0" > /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/dasd/level).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
For header_proc there can be used the default function
|
For header_proc there can be used the default function
|
||||||
debug_dflt_header_fn() which is defined in in debug.h.
|
debug_dflt_header_fn() which is defined in debug.h.
|
||||||
and which produces the same header output as the predefined views.
|
and which produces the same header output as the predefined views.
|
||||||
E.g:
|
E.g:
|
||||||
00 00964419409:440761 2 - 00 88023ec
|
00 00964419409:440761 2 - 00 88023ec
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -1214,7 +1214,7 @@ Thu Jul 21 10:37:39 1994 Eric Youngdale (eric@esp22)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* sr.c(sr_open): Do not allow opens with write access.
|
* sr.c(sr_open): Do not allow opens with write access.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Mon Jul 18 09:51:22 1994 1994 Eric Youngdale (eric@esp22)
|
Mon Jul 18 09:51:22 1994 Eric Youngdale (eric@esp22)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* Linux 1.1.31 released.
|
* Linux 1.1.31 released.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ BOOT TIME CONFIGURATION
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If the driver is compiled into the kernel, the same parameters can be
|
If the driver is compiled into the kernel, the same parameters can be
|
||||||
also set using, e.g., the LILO command line. The preferred syntax is
|
also set using, e.g., the LILO command line. The preferred syntax is
|
||||||
is to use the same keyword used when loading as module but prepended
|
to use the same keyword used when loading as module but prepended
|
||||||
with 'st.'. For instance, to set the maximum number of scatter/gather
|
with 'st.'. For instance, to set the maximum number of scatter/gather
|
||||||
segments, the parameter 'st.max_sg_segs=xx' should be used (xx is the
|
segments, the parameter 'st.max_sg_segs=xx' should be used (xx is the
|
||||||
number of scatter/gather segments).
|
number of scatter/gather segments).
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -5486,7 +5486,7 @@ struct _snd_pcm_runtime {
|
||||||
<chapter id="power-management">
|
<chapter id="power-management">
|
||||||
<title>Power Management</title>
|
<title>Power Management</title>
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
If the chip is supposed to work with with suspend/resume
|
If the chip is supposed to work with suspend/resume
|
||||||
functions, you need to add the power-management codes to the
|
functions, you need to add the power-management codes to the
|
||||||
driver. The additional codes for the power-management should be
|
driver. The additional codes for the power-management should be
|
||||||
<function>ifdef</function>'ed with
|
<function>ifdef</function>'ed with
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ SB32.
|
||||||
install awe_wave /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i awe_wave && /usr/local/bin/sfxload PATH_TO_SOUND_BANK_FILE
|
install awe_wave /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i awe_wave && /usr/local/bin/sfxload PATH_TO_SOUND_BANK_FILE
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
You will of course have to change "PATH_TO_SOUND_BANK_FILE" to the full
|
You will of course have to change "PATH_TO_SOUND_BANK_FILE" to the full
|
||||||
path of of the sound bank file. That will enable the Sound Blaster and AWE
|
path of the sound bank file. That will enable the Sound Blaster and AWE
|
||||||
wave synthesis. To play midi files you should get one of these programs if
|
wave synthesis. To play midi files you should get one of these programs if
|
||||||
you don't already have them:
|
you don't already have them:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ is at least one report of it working on later silicon.
|
||||||
The chip behaves differently than described in the data sheet,
|
The chip behaves differently than described in the data sheet,
|
||||||
likely due to a chip bug. Working around this would require
|
likely due to a chip bug. Working around this would require
|
||||||
the help of ESS (for example by publishing an errata sheet),
|
the help of ESS (for example by publishing an errata sheet),
|
||||||
but ESS has not done so so far.
|
but ESS has not done so far.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Also, the chip only supports 24 bit addresses for recording,
|
Also, the chip only supports 24 bit addresses for recording,
|
||||||
which means it cannot work on some Alpha mainboards.
|
which means it cannot work on some Alpha mainboards.
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ db16 ???
|
||||||
no_wave_dma option
|
no_wave_dma option
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This option defaults to a value of 0, which allows the Ultrasound wavetable
|
This option defaults to a value of 0, which allows the Ultrasound wavetable
|
||||||
DSP to use DMA for for playback and downloading samples. This is the same
|
DSP to use DMA for playback and downloading samples. This is the same
|
||||||
as the old behaviour. If set to 1, no DMA is needed for downloading samples,
|
as the old behaviour. If set to 1, no DMA is needed for downloading samples,
|
||||||
and allows owners of a GUS MAX to make use of simultaneous digital audio
|
and allows owners of a GUS MAX to make use of simultaneous digital audio
|
||||||
(/dev/dsp), MIDI, and wavetable playback.
|
(/dev/dsp), MIDI, and wavetable playback.
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ boxes.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The Visual Workstation has an Analog Devices AD1843 "SoundComm" audio
|
The Visual Workstation has an Analog Devices AD1843 "SoundComm" audio
|
||||||
codec chip. The AD1843 is accessed through the Cobalt I/O ASIC, also
|
codec chip. The AD1843 is accessed through the Cobalt I/O ASIC, also
|
||||||
known as Lithium. This driver programs both both chips.
|
known as Lithium. This driver programs both chips.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
==============================================================================
|
==============================================================================
|
||||||
QUICK CONFIGURATION
|
QUICK CONFIGURATION
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -124,12 +124,12 @@ use a value of 8.
|
||||||
The "pxa2xx_spi_chip.timeout_microsecs" fields is used to efficiently handle
|
The "pxa2xx_spi_chip.timeout_microsecs" fields is used to efficiently handle
|
||||||
trailing bytes in the SSP receiver fifo. The correct value for this field is
|
trailing bytes in the SSP receiver fifo. The correct value for this field is
|
||||||
dependent on the SPI bus speed ("spi_board_info.max_speed_hz") and the specific
|
dependent on the SPI bus speed ("spi_board_info.max_speed_hz") and the specific
|
||||||
slave device. Please note the the PXA2xx SSP 1 does not support trailing byte
|
slave device. Please note that the PXA2xx SSP 1 does not support trailing byte
|
||||||
timeouts and must busy-wait any trailing bytes.
|
timeouts and must busy-wait any trailing bytes.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The "pxa2xx_spi_chip.enable_loopback" field is used to place the SSP porting
|
The "pxa2xx_spi_chip.enable_loopback" field is used to place the SSP porting
|
||||||
into internal loopback mode. In this mode the SSP controller internally
|
into internal loopback mode. In this mode the SSP controller internally
|
||||||
connects the SSPTX pin the the SSPRX pin. This is useful for initial setup
|
connects the SSPTX pin to the SSPRX pin. This is useful for initial setup
|
||||||
testing.
|
testing.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The "pxa2xx_spi_chip.cs_control" field is used to point to a board specific
|
The "pxa2xx_spi_chip.cs_control" field is used to point to a board specific
|
||||||
|
@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ DMA and PIO I/O Support
|
||||||
-----------------------
|
-----------------------
|
||||||
The pxa2xx_spi driver support both DMA and interrupt driven PIO message
|
The pxa2xx_spi driver support both DMA and interrupt driven PIO message
|
||||||
transfers. The driver defaults to PIO mode and DMA transfers must enabled by
|
transfers. The driver defaults to PIO mode and DMA transfers must enabled by
|
||||||
setting the "enable_dma" flag in the "pxa2xx_spi_master" structure and and
|
setting the "enable_dma" flag in the "pxa2xx_spi_master" structure and
|
||||||
ensuring that the "pxa2xx_spi_chip.dma_burst_size" field is non-zero. The DMA
|
ensuring that the "pxa2xx_spi_chip.dma_burst_size" field is non-zero. The DMA
|
||||||
mode support both coherent and stream based DMA mappings.
|
mode support both coherent and stream based DMA mappings.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ NON-STATIC CONFIGURATIONS
|
||||||
Developer boards often play by different rules than product boards, and one
|
Developer boards often play by different rules than product boards, and one
|
||||||
example is the potential need to hotplug SPI devices and/or controllers.
|
example is the potential need to hotplug SPI devices and/or controllers.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
For those cases you might need to use use spi_busnum_to_master() to look
|
For those cases you might need to use spi_busnum_to_master() to look
|
||||||
up the spi bus master, and will likely need spi_new_device() to provide the
|
up the spi bus master, and will likely need spi_new_device() to provide the
|
||||||
board info based on the board that was hotplugged. Of course, you'd later
|
board info based on the board that was hotplugged. Of course, you'd later
|
||||||
call at least spi_unregister_device() when that board is removed.
|
call at least spi_unregister_device() when that board is removed.
|
||||||
|
@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ As soon as it enters probe(), the driver may issue I/O requests to
|
||||||
the SPI device using "struct spi_message". When remove() returns,
|
the SPI device using "struct spi_message". When remove() returns,
|
||||||
the driver guarantees that it won't submit any more such messages.
|
the driver guarantees that it won't submit any more such messages.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- An spi_message is a sequence of of protocol operations, executed
|
- An spi_message is a sequence of protocol operations, executed
|
||||||
as one atomic sequence. SPI driver controls include:
|
as one atomic sequence. SPI driver controls include:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
+ when bidirectional reads and writes start ... by how its
|
+ when bidirectional reads and writes start ... by how its
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ items:
|
||||||
a pointer to it.
|
a pointer to it.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
7.4) Appropriately modify architecture specific code to register the
|
7.4) Appropriately modify architecture specific code to register the
|
||||||
the new system call.
|
new system call.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
8) Test Specification
|
8) Test Specification
|
||||||
---------------------
|
---------------------
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ one or more packets could finish before an error stops further endpoint I/O.
|
||||||
hardware problems such as bad devices (including firmware) or cables.
|
hardware problems such as bad devices (including firmware) or cables.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
(**) This is also one of several codes that different kinds of host
|
(**) This is also one of several codes that different kinds of host
|
||||||
controller use to to indicate a transfer has failed because of device
|
controller use to indicate a transfer has failed because of device
|
||||||
disconnect. In the interval before the hub driver starts disconnect
|
disconnect. In the interval before the hub driver starts disconnect
|
||||||
processing, devices may receive such fault reports for every request.
|
processing, devices may receive such fault reports for every request.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ index, the ioctl returns -1 and sets errno to -EINVAL.
|
||||||
HIDIOCGDEVINFO - struct hiddev_devinfo (read)
|
HIDIOCGDEVINFO - struct hiddev_devinfo (read)
|
||||||
Gets a hiddev_devinfo structure which describes the device.
|
Gets a hiddev_devinfo structure which describes the device.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
HIDIOCGSTRING - struct struct hiddev_string_descriptor (read/write)
|
HIDIOCGSTRING - struct hiddev_string_descriptor (read/write)
|
||||||
Gets a string descriptor from the device. The caller must fill in the
|
Gets a string descriptor from the device. The caller must fill in the
|
||||||
"index" field to indicate which descriptor should be returned.
|
"index" field to indicate which descriptor should be returned.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ Cypress M8 CY4601 Family Serial Driver
|
||||||
-Cypress HID->COM RS232 adapter
|
-Cypress HID->COM RS232 adapter
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Note: Cypress Semiconductor claims no affiliation with the
|
Note: Cypress Semiconductor claims no affiliation with the
|
||||||
the hid->com device.
|
hid->com device.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Most devices using chipsets under the CY4601 family should
|
Most devices using chipsets under the CY4601 family should
|
||||||
work with the driver. As long as they stay true to the CY4601
|
work with the driver. As long as they stay true to the CY4601
|
||||||
|
@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ Options supported:
|
||||||
debug - extra verbose debugging info
|
debug - extra verbose debugging info
|
||||||
(default: 0; nonzero enables)
|
(default: 0; nonzero enables)
|
||||||
use_lowlatency - use low_latency flag to speed up tty layer
|
use_lowlatency - use low_latency flag to speed up tty layer
|
||||||
when reading from from the device.
|
when reading from the device.
|
||||||
(default: 0; nonzero enables)
|
(default: 0; nonzero enables)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
See http://www.uuhaus.de/linux/palmconnect.html for up-to-date
|
See http://www.uuhaus.de/linux/palmconnect.html for up-to-date
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ Source file list / functional overview:
|
||||||
pvrusb2-i2c-core.[ch] - This module provides an implementation of a
|
pvrusb2-i2c-core.[ch] - This module provides an implementation of a
|
||||||
kernel-friendly I2C adaptor driver, through which other external
|
kernel-friendly I2C adaptor driver, through which other external
|
||||||
I2C client drivers (e.g. msp3400, tuner, lirc) may connect and
|
I2C client drivers (e.g. msp3400, tuner, lirc) may connect and
|
||||||
operate corresponding chips within the the pvrusb2 device. It is
|
operate corresponding chips within the pvrusb2 device. It is
|
||||||
through here that other V4L modules can reach into this driver to
|
through here that other V4L modules can reach into this driver to
|
||||||
operate specific pieces (and those modules are in turn driven by
|
operate specific pieces (and those modules are in turn driven by
|
||||||
glue logic which is coordinated by pvrusb2-hdw, doled out by
|
glue logic which is coordinated by pvrusb2-hdw, doled out by
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ tv broadcast formats all aver the world.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The CCIR defines parameters needed for broadcasting the signal.
|
The CCIR defines parameters needed for broadcasting the signal.
|
||||||
The CCIR has defined different standards: A,B,D,E,F,G,D,H,I,K,K1,L,M,N,...
|
The CCIR has defined different standards: A,B,D,E,F,G,D,H,I,K,K1,L,M,N,...
|
||||||
The CCIR says not much about about the colorsystem used !!!
|
The CCIR says not much about the colorsystem used !!!
|
||||||
And talking about a colorsystem says not to much about how it is broadcast.
|
And talking about a colorsystem says not to much about how it is broadcast.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The CCIR standards A,E,F are not used any more.
|
The CCIR standards A,E,F are not used any more.
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ The initial port includes NUMAizing the bootmem allocator code by
|
||||||
encapsulating all the pieces of information into a bootmem_data_t
|
encapsulating all the pieces of information into a bootmem_data_t
|
||||||
structure. Node specific calls have been added to the allocator.
|
structure. Node specific calls have been added to the allocator.
|
||||||
In theory, any platform which uses the bootmem allocator should
|
In theory, any platform which uses the bootmem allocator should
|
||||||
be able to to put the bootmem and mem_map data structures anywhere
|
be able to put the bootmem and mem_map data structures anywhere
|
||||||
it deems best.
|
it deems best.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Each node's page allocation data structures have also been encapsulated
|
Each node's page allocation data structures have also been encapsulated
|
||||||
|
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue