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License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com> Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-11-01 22:07:57 +08:00
# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
scripts/gdb: add infrastructure This provides the basic infrastructure to load kernel-specific python helper scripts when debugging the kernel in gdb. The loading mechanism is based on gdb loading for <objfile>-gdb.py when opening <objfile>. Therefore, this places a corresponding link to the main helper script into the output directory that contains vmlinux. The main scripts will pull in submodules containing Linux specific gdb commands and functions. To avoid polluting the source directory with compiled python modules, we link to them from the object directory. Due to gdb.parse_and_eval and string redirection for gdb.execute, we depend on gdb >= 7.2. This feature is enabled via CONFIG_GDB_SCRIPTS. Signed-off-by: Jan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@siemens.com> Acked-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz> [kbuild stuff] Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Cc: Ben Widawsky <ben@bwidawsk.net> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-02-18 05:46:36 +08:00
always := gdb-scripts
kbuild: use $(abspath ...) instead of $(shell cd ... && /bin/pwd) Kbuild conventionally uses $(shell cd ... && /bin/pwd) idiom to get the absolute path of the directory because GNU Make 3.80, the minimal supported version at that time, did not support $(abspath ...) or $(realpath ...). Commit 37d69ee30808 ("docs: bump minimal GNU Make version to 3.81") dropped the GNU Make 3.80 support, so we are now allowed to use those make-builtin helpers. This conversion will provide better portability without relying on the pwd command or its location /bin/pwd. I am intentionally using $(realpath ...) instead $(abspath ...) in some places. The difference between the two is $(realpath ...) returns an empty string if the given path does not exist. It is convenient in places where we need to error-out if the makefile fails to create an output directory. Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com> Acked-by: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
2017-08-20 14:04:11 +08:00
SRCTREE := $(abspath $(srctree))
scripts/gdb: add infrastructure This provides the basic infrastructure to load kernel-specific python helper scripts when debugging the kernel in gdb. The loading mechanism is based on gdb loading for <objfile>-gdb.py when opening <objfile>. Therefore, this places a corresponding link to the main helper script into the output directory that contains vmlinux. The main scripts will pull in submodules containing Linux specific gdb commands and functions. To avoid polluting the source directory with compiled python modules, we link to them from the object directory. Due to gdb.parse_and_eval and string redirection for gdb.execute, we depend on gdb >= 7.2. This feature is enabled via CONFIG_GDB_SCRIPTS. Signed-off-by: Jan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@siemens.com> Acked-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz> [kbuild stuff] Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Cc: Ben Widawsky <ben@bwidawsk.net> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2015-02-18 05:46:36 +08:00
$(obj)/gdb-scripts:
ifneq ($(KBUILD_SRC),)
$(Q)ln -fsn $(SRCTREE)/$(obj)/*.py $(objtree)/$(obj)
endif
@:
scripts/gdb: provide linux constants Some macro's and defines are needed when parsing memory, and without compiling the kernel as -g3 they are not available in the debug-symbols. We use the pre-processor here to extract constants to a dedicated module for the linux debugger extensions Top level Kbuild is used to call in and generate the constants file, while maintaining dependencies on autogenerated files in include/generated Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/bc3df9c25f57ea72177c066a51a446fc19e2c27f.1462865983.git.jan.kiszka@siemens.com Signed-off-by: Kieran Bingham <kieran.bingham@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Jan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@siemens.com> Cc: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2016-05-24 07:24:40 +08:00
quiet_cmd_gen_constants_py = GEN $@
cmd_gen_constants_py = \
$(CPP) -E -x c -P $(c_flags) $< > $@ ;\
sed -i '1,/<!-- end-c-headers -->/d;' $@
scripts/gdb: rebuild constants.py on dependancy change The autogenerated constants.py file was only being built on the initial call, and if the constants.py.in file changed. As we are utilising the CPP hooks, we can successfully use the call if_changed_dep rules to determine when to rebuild the file based on it's inclusions. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1467127337-11135-3-git-send-email-kieran@bingham.xyz Signed-off-by: Kieran Bingham <kieran@bingham.xyz> Reported-by: Jan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@web.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2016-07-15 03:06:58 +08:00
targets += constants.py
$(obj)/constants.py: $(SRCTREE)/$(obj)/constants.py.in FORCE
$(call if_changed_dep,gen_constants_py)
scripts/gdb: provide linux constants Some macro's and defines are needed when parsing memory, and without compiling the kernel as -g3 they are not available in the debug-symbols. We use the pre-processor here to extract constants to a dedicated module for the linux debugger extensions Top level Kbuild is used to call in and generate the constants file, while maintaining dependencies on autogenerated files in include/generated Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/bc3df9c25f57ea72177c066a51a446fc19e2c27f.1462865983.git.jan.kiszka@siemens.com Signed-off-by: Kieran Bingham <kieran.bingham@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Jan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@siemens.com> Cc: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2016-05-24 07:24:40 +08:00
build_constants_py: $(obj)/constants.py
scripts/gdb: silence 'nothing to do' message The constants.py generation, involves a rule to link into the main makefile. This rule has no command and generates a spurious warning message in the build logs when CONFIG_SCRIPTS_GDB is enabled. Fix simply by giving a no-op action Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1467127337-11135-2-git-send-email-kieran@bingham.xyz Signed-off-by: Kieran Bingham <kieran@bingham.xyz> Reported-by: Jan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@siemens.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2016-07-15 03:06:55 +08:00
@:
scripts/gdb: provide linux constants Some macro's and defines are needed when parsing memory, and without compiling the kernel as -g3 they are not available in the debug-symbols. We use the pre-processor here to extract constants to a dedicated module for the linux debugger extensions Top level Kbuild is used to call in and generate the constants file, while maintaining dependencies on autogenerated files in include/generated Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/bc3df9c25f57ea72177c066a51a446fc19e2c27f.1462865983.git.jan.kiszka@siemens.com Signed-off-by: Kieran Bingham <kieran.bingham@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Jan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@siemens.com> Cc: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2016-05-24 07:24:40 +08:00
clean-files := *.pyc *.pyo $(if $(KBUILD_SRC),*.py) $(obj)/constants.py