diff --git a/arch/s390/pci/pci_mmio.c b/arch/s390/pci/pci_mmio.c
index a90499c087f0..5398729bfe1b 100644
--- a/arch/s390/pci/pci_mmio.c
+++ b/arch/s390/pci/pci_mmio.c
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE3(s390_pci_mmio_write, unsigned long, mmio_addr,
 	if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE))
 		goto out_unlock_mmap;
 
-	ret = follow_pte(vma->vm_mm, mmio_addr, &ptep, &ptl);
+	ret = follow_pte(vma, mmio_addr, &ptep, &ptl);
 	if (ret)
 		goto out_unlock_mmap;
 
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE3(s390_pci_mmio_read, unsigned long, mmio_addr,
 	if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE))
 		goto out_unlock_mmap;
 
-	ret = follow_pte(vma->vm_mm, mmio_addr, &ptep, &ptl);
+	ret = follow_pte(vma, mmio_addr, &ptep, &ptl);
 	if (ret)
 		goto out_unlock_mmap;
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/pat/memtype.c b/arch/x86/mm/pat/memtype.c
index d01c3b0bd6eb..bdc2a240c2aa 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/pat/memtype.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/pat/memtype.c
@@ -954,10 +954,7 @@ static int follow_phys(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long *prot,
 	pte_t *ptep, pte;
 	spinlock_t *ptl;
 
-	if (!(vma->vm_flags & (VM_IO | VM_PFNMAP)))
-		return -EINVAL;
-
-	if (follow_pte(vma->vm_mm, vma->vm_start, &ptep, &ptl))
+	if (follow_pte(vma, vma->vm_start, &ptep, &ptl))
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	pte = ptep_get(ptep);
diff --git a/drivers/vfio/vfio_iommu_type1.c b/drivers/vfio/vfio_iommu_type1.c
index b5c15fe8f9fc..3a0218171cfa 100644
--- a/drivers/vfio/vfio_iommu_type1.c
+++ b/drivers/vfio/vfio_iommu_type1.c
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ static int follow_fault_pfn(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct mm_struct *mm,
 	spinlock_t *ptl;
 	int ret;
 
-	ret = follow_pte(vma->vm_mm, vaddr, &ptep, &ptl);
+	ret = follow_pte(vma, vaddr, &ptep, &ptl);
 	if (ret) {
 		bool unlocked = false;
 
@@ -532,7 +532,7 @@ static int follow_fault_pfn(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct mm_struct *mm,
 		if (ret)
 			return ret;
 
-		ret = follow_pte(vma->vm_mm, vaddr, &ptep, &ptl);
+		ret = follow_pte(vma, vaddr, &ptep, &ptl);
 		if (ret)
 			return ret;
 	}
diff --git a/drivers/virt/acrn/mm.c b/drivers/virt/acrn/mm.c
index 2d98e1e185c4..db8ff1d0ac23 100644
--- a/drivers/virt/acrn/mm.c
+++ b/drivers/virt/acrn/mm.c
@@ -187,8 +187,7 @@ int acrn_vm_ram_map(struct acrn_vm *vm, struct acrn_vm_memmap *memmap)
 		}
 
 		for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) {
-			ret = follow_pte(vma->vm_mm,
-					 memmap->vma_base + i * PAGE_SIZE,
+			ret = follow_pte(vma, memmap->vma_base + i * PAGE_SIZE,
 					 &ptep, &ptl);
 			if (ret)
 				break;
diff --git a/include/linux/mm.h b/include/linux/mm.h
index 0b933f9f4864..c25ce6992951 100644
--- a/include/linux/mm.h
+++ b/include/linux/mm.h
@@ -2420,7 +2420,7 @@ void free_pgd_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb, unsigned long addr,
 		unsigned long end, unsigned long floor, unsigned long ceiling);
 int
 copy_page_range(struct vm_area_struct *dst_vma, struct vm_area_struct *src_vma);
-int follow_pte(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long address,
+int follow_pte(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address,
 	       pte_t **ptepp, spinlock_t **ptlp);
 int generic_access_phys(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
 			void *buf, int len, int write);
diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c
index 59c05dc8b18a..1d45d25c1bba 100644
--- a/mm/memory.c
+++ b/mm/memory.c
@@ -5926,7 +5926,7 @@ int __pmd_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm, pud_t *pud, unsigned long address)
 
 /**
  * follow_pte - look up PTE at a user virtual address
- * @mm: the mm_struct of the target address space
+ * @vma: the memory mapping
  * @address: user virtual address
  * @ptepp: location to store found PTE
  * @ptlp: location to store the lock for the PTE
@@ -5945,15 +5945,19 @@ int __pmd_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm, pud_t *pud, unsigned long address)
  *
  * Return: zero on success, -ve otherwise.
  */
-int follow_pte(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long address,
+int follow_pte(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address,
 	       pte_t **ptepp, spinlock_t **ptlp)
 {
+	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
 	pgd_t *pgd;
 	p4d_t *p4d;
 	pud_t *pud;
 	pmd_t *pmd;
 	pte_t *ptep;
 
+	if (!(vma->vm_flags & (VM_IO | VM_PFNMAP)))
+		goto out;
+
 	pgd = pgd_offset(mm, address);
 	if (pgd_none(*pgd) || unlikely(pgd_bad(*pgd)))
 		goto out;
@@ -6007,11 +6011,8 @@ int generic_access_phys(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
 	int offset = offset_in_page(addr);
 	int ret = -EINVAL;
 
-	if (!(vma->vm_flags & (VM_IO | VM_PFNMAP)))
-		return -EINVAL;
-
 retry:
-	if (follow_pte(vma->vm_mm, addr, &ptep, &ptl))
+	if (follow_pte(vma, addr, &ptep, &ptl))
 		return -EINVAL;
 	pte = ptep_get(ptep);
 	pte_unmap_unlock(ptep, ptl);
@@ -6026,7 +6027,7 @@ retry:
 	if (!maddr)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
-	if (follow_pte(vma->vm_mm, addr, &ptep, &ptl))
+	if (follow_pte(vma, addr, &ptep, &ptl))
 		goto out_unmap;
 
 	if (!pte_same(pte, ptep_get(ptep))) {
diff --git a/virt/kvm/kvm_main.c b/virt/kvm/kvm_main.c
index fb49c2a60200..f57dbacb8689 100644
--- a/virt/kvm/kvm_main.c
+++ b/virt/kvm/kvm_main.c
@@ -2902,7 +2902,7 @@ static int hva_to_pfn_remapped(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 	spinlock_t *ptl;
 	int r;
 
-	r = follow_pte(vma->vm_mm, addr, &ptep, &ptl);
+	r = follow_pte(vma, addr, &ptep, &ptl);
 	if (r) {
 		/*
 		 * get_user_pages fails for VM_IO and VM_PFNMAP vmas and does
@@ -2917,7 +2917,7 @@ static int hva_to_pfn_remapped(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 		if (r)
 			return r;
 
-		r = follow_pte(vma->vm_mm, addr, &ptep, &ptl);
+		r = follow_pte(vma, addr, &ptep, &ptl);
 		if (r)
 			return r;
 	}